Turbine bearing example

Rolling mill bearings are generally only used to withstand radial loads. Compared with deep groove ball bearings of the same size, they have large radial load capacity. The limit speed is close to deep groove ball bearings, but the shaft and housing are matched with such bearings. The processing requirements of the hole are relatively high, and the inclination of the inner ring axis and the outer ring axis is small (2°-4°). The inclination of the two axes is beyond the limit, and the contact between the roller and the ferrule raceway will deteriorate, seriously affecting the bearing. The load capacity reduces the service life of the bearing. Therefore, such bearings need to be installed in the main components that are subjected to the axial load, and can only be used if other types of bearings are used simultaneously to withstand the axial load.

Generally speaking, the bearings are mostly rolling bearings. A rolling bearing is a precision mechanical component that changes the sliding friction between the running shaft and the shaft seat into rolling friction, thereby reducing friction loss. Rolling bearings generally consist of an outer ring, an inner ring, a rolling element and a cage. The rolling bearing is easy to use and maintain, reliable in operation, good in starting performance and high in carrying capacity at medium speed. Compared with the sliding bearing, the radial dimension of the rolling bearing is large, the damping capacity is poor, the life at low speed is low, and the sound is loud.

The radial bearing (mainly subjected to radial forces) in a rolling bearing is usually composed of an inner ring, an outer ring, a rolling element and a rolling element cage 4 portion. The inner ring is tightly fitted over the journal and rotates with the shaft, and the outer ring is mounted in the bearing housing bore. A raceway is formed on the outer circumference of the inner ring and the inner circumference of the outer ring. When the inner and outer rings are relatively rotated, the rolling elements roll on the raceways of the inner and outer rings, which are separated by the cage to avoid mutual friction.

The thrust bearing is divided into two parts: a tight ring and a live ring. The tight ring and the sleeve are tight, and the ring is supported on the bearing housing. The ferrule and the rolling element are usually made of rolling bearing steel with high strength and good wear resistance. The surface hardness after quenching should reach HRC60-65. The cage is made of soft steel stamping, and can also be made of copper alloy cloth bakelite or plastic.
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Joint bearing characteristics and application

Features of the joint bearing:

The joint bearing is a special type of plain bearing. Its structure is simpler than that of the rolling bearing. It is mainly composed of an inner ring with an outer spherical surface and an outer ring with an inner spherical surface, which can withstand a large load. The inner spherical surface of the outer ring and the outer spherical surface of the inner ring constitute a rolling friction pair. Depending on their type and construction, it is possible to withstand radial loads, axial loads or combined loads of radial and axial forces. Due to the inlay on the outer spherical surface of the inner ring, self-lubrication can occur during operation.

Application of joint bearings:

Joint bearings are widely used in engineering hydraulic cylinders, forging machine tools, engineering machinery, automation equipment, automotive shock absorbers, water conservancy machinery and other industries. The spherical sliding contact area of ​​the joint bearing is large and the inclination angle is large. At the same time, most of the joint bearings adopt special processing methods, such as surface phosphating, galvanizing, chrome plating or outer sliding surface lining, inserting, spraying, etc. Large load capacity and impact resistance, and has the characteristics of corrosion resistance, wear resistance, self-aligning, lubrication or self-lubricating and non-lubricating dirt, even if the installation is misplaced. Therefore, joint bearings are widely used for low-speed oscillating motions, tilting motions, and rotational motions.
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