The importance of proper use of lubricants for the operation of SKF bearings

Of course, if the operating speed of the imported bearings is very low and it is necessary to work in a polluted and humid environment, it is best to fill the SKF housing with grease.

The standard products offered are more than 20,000 types of bearings. In addition to rolling bearings, the Group also manufactures linear bearings, plain bearings, bearing housings, ball and roller screws, textile machinery components, retaining rings, machine tools and various precision mechanical components. With extensive experience in these areas, he has the knowledge and expertise to develop, manufacture and apply a wide range of advanced engineering products. Smaller such as micro-bearings weighing only 0.003 grams, up to each of the thirty-four tons of giant bearings. In addition, a series of bearing repair tools, grease and bearing monitoring instruments (bearing heaters, pullers, etc.) are also available, in order to achieve higher efficiency for bearing users and achieve worry-free operation.

Bearings are precision components, SKF bearings and grease contaminated, will not operate. Bearings In addition, at least 14% of all contaminations that have been sealed with grease are maintenance-free. Only a small portion of all bearings failing early is significantly affected by the use of bearings. Bearings have excellent manufacturing and design capabilities to provide a wide range of harsh working condition sealing solutions.

The grease chemically reacts with the oxygen in the air to produce an acidic substance. It first consumes the antioxidant additive in the fat, but to a certain extent, the organic acid formed will corrode the metal component and destroy the structure of the fat to make it drop. Decrease, increase in viscosity of base oil, and deterioration of fluidity. A large number of tests have shown that the higher the temperature, the more pronounced the decline in grease life. For example, when the temperature is between 90 and 100 degrees, the life of the grease is reduced by about half for every 19 degrees of temperature increase. At 10 to 150 degrees, the fat life will be reduced by half for every 15 degrees of temperature increase.

In addition, moisture, dust, and harmful gases in the environment in which the grease is used are also important factors for deterioration. For example, the wear of particles such as copper, iron, lead and bronze in the grease will catalyze the oxidation of the fat. In short, there are many reasons for the failure of grease, sometimes it may be caused by a certain cause, but more is the result of multiple factors acting together, or a breakthrough for one reason, and then other reasons work together.https://www.supplyforever.com/

Bearing mesh: heat treatment of plastic mold steel

      Plastic products have been widely used in industry and daily life. Plastic molds have been developed in the direction of precision and large-scale, and the performance requirements for plastic mold steel are getting higher and higher. The properties of the molded steel should be determined according to the type of plastic, the use of the product, the molding method and the size of the production batch. Generally, plastic mold steel has good comprehensive performance. The strength and toughness of the mold material are not as high as that of cold work and hot work, but the processing performance of the material is high, such as simple heat treatment process, small deformation or no deformation. The pre-hardened state has good cutting performance, excellent mirror polishing performance and pattern etching performance.

The basic properties required for plastic mold steel are as follows:
1) Comprehensive mechanical properties Molding molds are subject to different temperatures, pressures, erosions and wear during operation. Therefore, the material of the mold material is required to be uniform, no mesh and banded carbide appear, and the heat treatment process should have a small tendency of oxidation, decarburization and distortion, and should have a certain strength after heat treatment. In order to ensure sufficient wear resistance, many plastic molds are tempered and then subjected to surface strengthening treatment such as nitriding or chrome plating.
2) Machining performance For large, complex and precise injection molds, it is usually pre-hardened to between 28 and 35 HRC, and then cut and ground to the required size and precision before being used. Defects in oxidation and decarburization. Therefore, the free-cutting elements S, Co and rare earth are often added to improve the pre-hard cutting performance.
3) Mirror surface processing The surface roughness of plastic products such as optical discs and plastic lenses can be very high, which is mainly ensured by the roughness of the mold cavity. Generally, the roughness of the mold cavity is one level higher than that of the plastic product. The mirror finish of die steel is related to the purity, texture, hardness and mirror finish of steel. High hardness, small and uniform microstructure, and low non-metallic inclusions are all beneficial to the improvement of mirror polishing. Plastic mold steels with high mirror polishing requirements are often vacuum smelted and vacuum degassed.
4) Pattern etching performance Some plastic products require a clear and full-fledged pattern on the surface. Large leather embossed plates in the leather industry require good pattern lithography properties. The requirements of the pattern lithography performance are similar to those of the mirror polishing. The purity of the steel is high, the structure is dense, and the hardness is high.
5) Corrosion resistance When a resin containing chlorine and fluorine and a flame retardant are added to the ABS resin, a corrosive gas is released during the molding process. Therefore, such plastic molds should be made of corrosion-resistant plastic mold steel, or chrome-plated, or nickel-phosphorus amorphous coating.
In addition, plastic mold steels are required to have good pre-hardening properties, high cold-press properties and repair welding properties.

       Plastic mold steel can be divided into: carburized type, pre-hardened type, corrosion-resistant type, age-hardening type and cold extrusion type according to chemical composition and performance. Their heat treatment is described as follows.
1. Heat treatment of carburized plastic mold steel
Plastic mold parts that are subject to high impact require a hard surface and a tough core. Usually, a carburizing process or a carbonitriding process is used to achieve this purpose.
Generally, carburized parts can be alloyed carburized steel of structural steel, and the heat treatment process is basically the same as that of structural parts. For plastic mold forming parts with high surface quality requirements, special steel should be used. The key to heat treatment is to select advanced carburizing equipment and strictly control the process to ensure the microstructure and performance requirements of the carburized layer.
The specification of carburizing or carbonitriding process can refer to the process standard of heat treatment industry: JB/T3999-1999 "Carburizing and carbonitriding quenching and tempering treatment of steel".
Commonly used carburized rubber mold steels are 20, 20Cr, l2CrNi2, l2CrNi3, l2Cr2Ni4, 20Cr2Ni4 steel.
       1) l2CrNi3 steel l2CrNi3 steel is a traditional medium hardenability alloy carburized steel with a cold forming property of medium. The steel has a low carbon content and is added with alloying elements such as nickel and chromium to improve the hardenability of the steel and the toughness of the carburized layer. Especially after the addition of nickel, the solidification of the steel can be significantly improved while solid solution strengthening is produced. The steel has good forging performance, the forging heating temperature is 1200 ° C, the initial forging temperature is 1150 ° C, the final forging temperature is greater than 850 ° C, and the forging is slow and cold.
l2CrNi3 steel is mainly used for cold extrusion forming complex shallow cavity plastic molds, or for large and medium-sized plastic molds for cutting and forming. The plastic mold is manufactured by cutting, and in order to improve the cutting performance, the mold blank needs to be normalized. The cavity is formed by cold extrusion, and the softening annealing process must be performed after forging.
When 12CrNi3 steel adopts gas carburizing process, the heating temperature is 900~920°C, and the heat preservation is 6~7h, and the carburized layer of 0.9~1.0mm can be obtained. After carburizing, it can be pre-cooled to 800~850°C for direct oil cooling or air quenching. After quenching, the hardness of the surface layer can reach 56~62HRC, and the hardness of the core is 250~380HBS.
2) 20Cr2Ni4 steel 20Cr2Ni4 steel is a high-strength alloy carburized steel with good comprehensive mechanical properties, and its hardenability and toughness exceed l2CrNi3 steel. The forging performance of the steel is good, the forging heating temperature is 1200 ° C, the initial forging temperature is 1150 ° C, the final forging temperature is greater than 850 ° C, and the forging is slow and cold.https://www.supplyforever.com/

Problems causing the INA plane bearing cage to break

The factors that cause the INA plane bearing cage to break are as follows:
    First: plane bearing cage abnormal load
If the installation is not in place, the inclination, the interference is too large, etc., the clearance is reduced, the friction heat is increased, the surface is softened, and the abnormal peeling occurs prematurely. As the peeling spreads, the foreign matter is peeled off into the pocket of the cage, resulting in the cage. The blockage of operation and the generation of additional loads exacerbate the wear of the cage, and the deterioration of the circulation can cause the cage to break.
Second: INA bearing creep phenomenon
The creep phenomenon refers to the sliding phenomenon of the ferrule. When the interference of the mating surface is insufficient, the load point moves in the peripheral direction due to the sliding, and the ferrule is displaced from the axis or the outer casing in the circumferential direction.
Third: bearing cage material defects
Cracks, large dissimilar metal inclusions, shrinkage cavities, air bubbles and riveting defects, nails, padding or two-half cage joint surface voids, severe riveting, etc. may cause the cage to break.
Fourth: poor bearing lubrication
The plane bearing is in a lean state, which is easy to form adhesive wear, which deteriorates the working surface condition. The tearing material generated by adhesive wear easily enters the cage, causing an abnormal load on the cage, which may cause the cage to break.
Fifth: INA bearing intrusion of hard foreign objects
The intrusion of foreign hard foreign objects exacerbates the wear of the cage and creates an abnormal additional load, which may also cause the cage to break.
When it breaks, the repair method is as follows:
Preparation: dry towel, sharp tongs, flat bearing cleaning night, INA bearing lubricant or grease.
a. Remove the C-shaped ring and the cover: Wipe off the dirt outside the bearing with a dry towel, then use a pointed plier to lift the side of the C-shaped ring and take the C-ring and the cover off.
b.INA bearing cleaning fluid: soak the bearing in the bearing cleaning fluid bought on the market, and shake it at this time, the foreign matter inside the plane bearing will be shaken out, and some supermarkets buy ultrasonic cleaning machine to remove foreign matter. helpful.
c. Drying: Take the bearing out of the cleaning solution, wipe the cleaning solution with a dry towel, and dry it in a cool place.
d. Inject the lubricant according to the trend to inject grease or oil into the bearing, cover the shroud and reattach the C-ring.
e. Detection: The INA bearing that has been assembled into the original state is rotated several times after grasping the inner ring with fingers.

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NSK bearing supplement code

Core Tip: NSK's bearing code consists of basic code, pre-code and post-code. The basic code indicates the bearing series (including type) inner diameter size and contact angle; the front code indicates special
NSK's bearing code consists of basic code, front code and post code. The basic code indicates the bearing series (including type) inner diameter size and contact angle; the front code indicates the specific bearing; the rear code is the structural shape of the bearing. Supplementary code added after the basic code of the bearing when there is a change in size, material, seal, cage, tolerance, clearance, heat treatment, lubrication, technical requirements, etc. 1. Front code F - deep groove ball bearing on the outer ring of the flange (for d less than 10 mm), for example: F605. HR - High load tapered roller bearings, for example: HR30207J. MF - flanged outer ring deep groove ball bearing of specific size (d less than 10 mm), eg MF52. MR - deep groove ball bearings of a specific size (for d less than 10 mm), eg MR31. 2. Post code (1) Internal structure A - Bearings with different internal design and standard. A——Angle contact ball bearing with a contact angle of 30 degrees. A5 - angular contact ball bearing, contact angle is 25 degrees. B——Angle contact ball bearing with a contact angle of 40 degrees. C——Angle contact ball bearing with a contact angle of 15 degrees. C——Tapered roller bearing with a contact angle of 20 degrees. D - Tapered roller bearing with a contact angle of 28 degrees. C, CA (with brass solid cage), CD (with stamped cage) - high load spherical roller bearings. E - High load cylindrical roller bearing. H——High load thrust spherical roller bearing. J——The small end diameter, angle and outer ring width of the outer ring raceway of tapered roller bearing are consistent with ISO regulations. (2) Material g - ferrule, rolling element is carburized steel. H - ferrule, the rolling element is stainless steel. (3) Cage M - copper alloy solid cage. T - synthetic resin cage. W - stamping cage. V - no cage. (4) Sealing ring, dust cover Z, ZS - one side with steel plate dust cover. ZZ, ZZS - with steel plate dust cover on both sides. D, DU - one side with a contact rubber seal. DD, DDU - contact rubber seals on both sides. V - one side with a non-contact rubber seal. VV - non-contact rubber seal on both sides. (5) ferrule shape K - tapered hole, taper 1:12. K30 - tapered hole, taper 1:30. E - There are cuts or oil holes in the ferrule. E4 - oil groove and oil hole on the outer ring. N——The outer diameter of the outer ring has a stop groove. NR——Outer ring outer diameter with stop groove, stop ring. (6) Mating and padding DB - back to back in pairs. DF - face to face paired installation. DT - installed in series. +K - the outer ring is padded. +L - the inner ring is padded. +KL - inner and outer ring with padding. (7) Clearance C1——The radial clearance of the radial bearing is smaller than the C2 clearance. C2—The radial clearance of the radial bearing is smaller than the standard clearance. CN (omitted) - radial standard clearance for radial bearings. C3—The radial clearance of the radial bearing is larger than the standard clearance. C4—The radial clearance of the radial bearing is larger than the C3 clearance. C5—The radial clearance of the radial bearing is larger than the C4 clearance. CC1 - Cylindrical roller bearing (non-interchangeable) radial clearance, smaller than CC2 clearance. CC2 - Cylindrical roller bearing (non-interchangeable) radial clearance, smaller than standard clearance. CC - cylindrical roller bearing (non-interchangeable) radial standard clearance. CC3 - Cylindrical roller bearing (non-interchangeable) radial clearance, larger than standard clearance. CC4 - Cylindrical roller bearing (non-interchangeable) radial clearance, larger than CC3 clearance. CC5 - Cylindrical roller bearing (non-interchangeable) radial clearance, larger than CC4 clearance. MC1 - Small, miniature ball bearing radial clearance, smaller than MC2 clearance. MC2 - small, miniature ball bearing radial clearance, smaller than MC3 clearance. MC3 - Standard clearance for radial clearance of small, miniature ball bearings. MC4 - Small, miniature ball bearing radial clearance, larger than MC3 clearance. MC5 - small, miniature ball bearing radial clearance, larger than MC4 clearance. MC6 - small, miniature ball bearing radial clearance, larger than MC5 clearance. CM - deep groove ball bearings for motors, radial clearance for cylindrical roller bearings. CT - Radial clearance of cylindrical roller bearings for motors. (8) Tolerance level P0 (omitted) - The tolerance level complies with the 0 level specified in the JIS standard. P6 - The tolerance class meets the 6th grade specified in the JIS standard. P6X - The tolerance class is in accordance with the 6X class specified by the JIS standard. P5 - The tolerance class meets the 5th grade specified in the JIS standard. P4 - The tolerance class meets the 4th grade specified in the JIS standard. P2 - The tolerance class meets the 2 levels specified in the JIS standard. (9) Special specifications X26 - The temperature limit is below 150 degrees Celsius. X28 - The temperature limit is below 200 degrees Celsius. X29 - The temperature limit is below 250 degrees Celsius. S11 - Spherical roller bearings, the temperature limit is below 200 degrees Celsius.

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Guangyang bearing normal maintenance to avoid failure two ways

The first thing to emphasize is that it is important to keep the bearings lubricated and clean. Therefore, before we inspect the Guangyang bearing, we should clean the surface of the bearing and then remove the parts around the bearing. It should be noted that the oil seal is a very fragile part. This requires extra care during inspection and disassembly. Do not apply excessive force to avoid damage to the parts. Then carefully check the bearing's oil seal and its surrounding parts. If it has been shown to be a bad symptom, be sure to replace it. A bad oil seal will cause damage, causing the bearing cloud to be abnormal and causing the machine to stop.

Secondly, we also check the lubricant of Guangyang Bearing. Lubrication is very important, not only for bearings, but also for all bearings. However, please note that it is not advisable to add too much grease to the bearings. The inspection method for the bearing lubricant is: rubbing a little lubricant between the two fingers, if there is a contaminant, it can be felt; or apply a thin layer of lubricant on the back of the hand, and then seal the light. Then it is to replace the lubricant of the bearing. Bearings lubricated with oil should be refilled with fresh oil and allowed to rotate at low speed for a few minutes if the old oil is drained. As much as possible, allow the oil to collect the contaminants from the wreckage and then vent the oil. Note: It is best to filter the oil before use. For bearings that use grease-lubricated bearings, the replacement of the grease should be avoided with a cotton joint to any part of the bearing. Since these residual fibers may be wedged between the rolling elements and cause damage, especially the application of small bearings requires attention to this problem.

Finally, it is important to note that the exposed bearings are covered. When inspecting bearings, never expose the bearings to contaminants or moisture. If the work is interrupted, the machine should be covered with a piece of oil-paper plastic or similar material. If the unshielded bearing is cleaned without the possibility of disassembly, the brush for application should be cleaned with a petroleum solvent (whitespirit), then dried with a lint-free cloth or blown dry with compressed air ( Be careful not to let the bearing assembly start to rotate). Check the track faces, retainers and beads of the bearing with a small mirror and a probe similar to that used by dentists. Do not clean the bearing with a sealing cover or dustproof; just wipe the outer surface. If the bearing is damaged, it needs to be replaced. Replacing bearings during regular downtime maintenance is far more economical than the loss of sudden downtime due to damage to the array.

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INA spherical roller bearing lubrication is good or bad for working conditions

As one of the imported bearings, INA bearings, in the normal operation process, how to properly lubricate the bearings, bearing maintenance and maintenance is an important part that can not be ignored.

Smooth oil bath is the most common smooth way in bearings, suitable for the smoothness of low and medium speed bearings. A part of the bearing is immersed in the groove, the smooth oil is brought up by the rotating spherical roller bearing part, and then flows back to the oil groove oil surface should be slightly lower than the center of the lowest rolling element.

The drip smooth is suitable for the bearing parts that need to be quantitatively supplied with smooth oil. The amount of oil dripping is preferably every 3-8 seconds. Excessive oil quantity will cause the bearing temperature to increase.

The oil is pumped to the INA bearing component by an oil pump, filtered and cooled by the smooth oil after the bearing. Because the circulating oil can take away a certain amount of heat and cool the bearing, this method is used for the spherical roller bearing parts with higher rotation speed.

The use of boring shrinking air is mixed with smooth oil through a sprayer to create an oil mist. In the radial bearing, the air flow can effectively cool the bearing and prevent the intrusion of impurities. This method is suitable for the smoothness of high speed and low temperature bearing components.

The low pressure oil is injected into the bearing through the nozzle by the oil pump, and the oil injected into the bearing flows into the oil groove through the other end of the bearing. When the bearing rotates at high speed, the rolling element and the cage also cause airflow around the surrounding air at a relatively high rotational speed. It is difficult to send the smooth oil to the bearing in a smooth manner. In this case, it is necessary to spray the smooth oil with low-pressure radiation. In the bearing, the position of the nozzle should be placed between the inner ring and the center of the cage.

1) Compared with roller bearings, ball bearings have higher limit speeds, so ball bearings should be preferred when moving at high speeds.

2) Under the condition of the same inner diameter, the smaller the outer diameter, the smaller the rolling element, and the smaller the centrifugal inertia force of the rolling element on the outer ring raceway during running, the more suitable for higher speed. Work under. When placed at high speed, it is advisable to use ultra-light, extra-light and light series bearings. Spherical roller bearings for heavy and extra heavy series are only used for low speed and heavy load applications. If a light series INA bearing is used and the bearing capacity is not up to standard, a wide series of bearings can be considered, or two light series bearings can be used together.

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SKF bearing grease selection considerations

In order to better play the best condition of the bearing, the choice of SKF bearing grease is directly related to the stable operation of the equipment. The choice of bearing grease must be considered from the following aspects:

1. Anti-rust performance

The rust inhibitor is preferably insoluble in water. Grease should have good adhesion, and the grease used in the bearing must have anti-rust effect. And can form a layer of oil film on the steel surface.

2. Mechanical stability

Causes a leak. In normal operation, the grease will become soft during machining. Grease will be trapped inside the bearing by the bearing housing. If the mechanical stability of the grease is insufficient, during the operation, the structure of the soap of the grease will mechanically disintegrate, causing the grease to be destroyed, thereby losing the lubricating effect.

3. Oil seal

Oil seals are a necessary barrier to maintain bearings and lubricants from external contamination during SKF bearing operation. No matter whether debris or moisture can penetrate into the bearing to prevent damage. Proper device maintenance is an important factor in maximizing the service life of bearings. At the same time, it is necessary to pay attention to the cleanliness of the bearing, the correctness of the bearing selection and the selection of appropriate equipment and maintenance tools. In addition, the bearings must be protected from contaminants and moisture and ensure proper installation and lubrication. Therefore, the design of the bearing arrangement, the condition of the oil seal, the type of lubricant and the lubrication cycle, and even the special support play the same and important role.

4. Mixed grease

If two incompatible greases are mixed, never mix incompatible greases. Usually, the consistency will become soft, and in the end, the bearing may be damaged due to the easy loss of grease. If you don't know which grease the bearing originally used, you must completely remove the old grease inside and outside the bearing before adding new grease.

5. Classification of oils and fats

SKF bearings that operate at a certain temperature affected by the operating temperature must be selected to have the correct consistency and good lubrication at the same temperature. Grease is manufactured in a wide range of operating temperatures and can be broadly classified into low temperature, medium temperature and high temperature greases. At the same time, it is mainly distinguished according to temperature and working conditions: grease can be classified according to its allowable operating temperature. One type of grease is called extrusion-resistant or extrusion-resistant and adds molybdenum disulfide, and an additive is added to enhance the strength of the lubricant film.

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Regular inspection of plastic IKO plastic bearing maintenance methods

IKO bearings can be removed from the oil seal package immediately before they are delivered for routine inspection, and immersed in washing gasoline or acid-free kerosene containing 3% oil, turning the outer ring and carefully rinsing the junction of the cage, rolling elements and raceways It is required to thoroughly clean the original traces of any hidden parts. After cleaning the plastic bearings, the attached cleaning oil should be drenched, dried on a workbench lined with clean neutral liner, or slowly dried in a far-infrared oven. After the cleaning oil has been drenched and dried or dried, the bearing rings, cages or any rolling elements must not be rotated during the entire process.

Bearings that have been dried or dried shall be dripped into the lubricating oil according to the regulations and immediately delivered for inspection. At this time, the outer surface of the plastic bearing is not protected by oil film. It shall not be in direct contact with the skin of the human hand during the whole inspection process. The operator shall wear clean gloves. Or apply rust inhibitor on the hand, but you must avoid the rust inhibitor on your hand to mix into the rolling surface of IKO bearing, otherwise the measurement results will be biased.

After the inspection, the IKO bearing should be delivered or used for anti-rust inventory processing. The whole inspection process should also be completed to avoid rust caused by too long. Note that cleaning with pure gasoline without oil can cause corrosion.

The bearings must be placed on a metal plate in the inspection site together with the gauge blocks, standard parts and measuring instruments used for inspection before the inspection, so that the temperature of these objects can be homogenized and room temperature faster.

Obviously, only by strictly doing the above preparations can the inspection result be accurate, and the plastic bearings will not rust during the whole inspection process.

1, cleaning:

When the bearing is removed and inspected, the appearance record is first recorded by photography. In addition, the bearing must confirm the amount of residual lubricant and sample the lubricant before cleaning the IKO bearing.

a. The cleaning of the bearing is carried out by rough washing and fine washing. The plastic bearing can be placed on the bottom of the container used.

b. When rough washing, remove the grease or adhesive with a brush or the like in the oil. At this time, if the IKO bearing is rotated in the oil, be careful that the rolling surface will be damaged by foreign matter or the like.

c. When fine washing, slowly rotate the plastic bearing in the oil, and it must be done carefully.

The cleaning agent generally used is a neutral non-aqueous diesel oil or kerosene, and a warm alkali liquid or the like is sometimes used as needed. Regardless of which cleaning agent is used, it is often filtered and kept clean.

Immediately after cleaning, apply anti-rust oil or anti-rust grease to the bearing.

2. Inspection and judgment:

In order to judge whether the removed IKO bearing can be reused, the plastic bearing should focus on checking its dimensional accuracy, rotation accuracy, internal clearance, and mating surfaces, raceways, cages and seals.

Regarding the inspection result, it can be judged by a person who is using a conventional bearing or a proficient bearing.

The criteria for judging plastic bearings vary depending on mechanical properties and importance as well as inspection period. IKO bearings must not be reused if they are damaged and must be replaced.

a bearing parts of the fracture and defects.

b Peeling of the rolling surface of the raceway surface.

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The environment in which imported bearings are used and the choice of lubricants

According to the use of parts and conditions of use and environmental conditions to select specifications and accuracy, with the appropriate timken imported bearings is the premise to ensure bearing life and reliability.

1. Location: Tapered roller bearings are suitable for bearing radial and axial combined loads with radial loads. They are usually paired with two sets of timken bearings, mainly for front and rear hubs and active bevel gears of automobiles. , differential, reducer and other transmission parts.

2. Allowable speed: In the environment with correct installation and good lubrication, it is allowed to be 0.3-0.5 times of the limit speed of the imported bearings of timken. Under normal circumstances, it is best to use 0.2 times the limit speed.

3. Allowable tilt angle: Tapered roller bearings generally do not allow the shaft to tilt relative to the housing bore. If tilted, the maximum does not exceed 2'.

4, allowable temperature: under normal load, and the lubricant has high temperature resistance, and the lubrication is sufficient, the general bearing is allowed to work at -30 ° C -150 ° C ambient temperature.

Bearing grease selection

Improper lubrication accounts for 36% of the causes of premature bearing failure. General purpose greases do not meet the needs of a wide variety of special bearing applications. Only one or all common greases are used to meet all timken bearing applications. The problems caused will far outweigh the benefits of the unified brand. Bearing application conditions are very diverse, the correct lubrication is required to match the grease and bearing application conditions.

Bearing grease is the basis for smooth, worry-free operation and maximum reliability, even under the most extreme operating conditions. Grease prevents contaminants from entering the bearing, cushioning shock loads and preventing corrosion. Choosing the right grease in practical applications is the basic condition for obtaining the maximum service life of the bearing.

The criteria for proper lubricant selection include the type and size of the timken imported bearings, temperature, speed, load, and expected service life and relubrication cycle.

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The importance of koyo self-aligning ball bearing lubrication for rolling sound

Core Tip: Lubrication and sealing are very important for any self-aligning ball bearing. Good lubrication and sealing are the guarantee of bearing life. Today we will focus on the lubrication of koyo bearings.
Lubrication and sealing are very important for any self-aligning ball bearing. Good lubrication and sealing are the guarantee of bearing life. Today we will focus on the importance of lubrication and sealing of koyo bearings.

In daily use, many people do not pay attention to the lubrication of self-aligning ball bearings. They believe that lubrication has little effect on the bearings. However, this often leads to a reduction in the life of the bearing. What is the benefit of the lubrication of the koyo bearing?

a. Oil bath Lubricating oil bath lubrication is the most common lubrication method, suitable for the lubrication of low and medium speed bearings. A part of the self-aligning ball bearing is immersed in the groove, and the lubricating oil is brought up by the rotating bearing parts and then flows back. The oil level of the oil sump should be slightly lower than the center of the lowest rolling element.

b. Drip oil lubrication Drip lubrication is suitable for bearing parts that need to supply lubricating oil quantitatively. The amount of oil dripping is generally one drop every 3-8 seconds. Excessive oil quantity will cause the temperature of koyo bearing to increase.

c. Circulating oil lubrication The oil pump is used to transport the filtered oil to the self-aligning ball bearing components, and then filtered and cooled by the lubricating oil after the bearing. Since the circulating oil can take away a certain amount of heat and cool the koyo bearing, this method is suitable for bearing parts with a higher rotational speed.

d. Spray lubrication The dry compressed air is mixed with the lubricating oil by a sprayer to form an oil mist. In the injection bearing, the air flow can effectively cool the bearing and prevent the intrusion of impurities. This method is suitable for the lubrication of high speed, high temperature self-aligning ball bearing components.

e. The injection lubrication oil pump pumps the high-pressure oil into the bearing through the nozzle, and the oil injected into the koyo bearing flows into the oil groove through the other end of the bearing. When the bearing rotates at high speed, the rolling elements and the cage also form a gas flow at the relatively high rotation speed of the surrounding air. It is difficult to send the lubricating oil to the bearing by the general lubrication method. At this time, the lubricating oil must be sprayed by the high-pressure injection method. In self-aligning ball bearings, the position of the nozzle should be between the inner ring and the center of the cage.

Since the temperature is affected by lubrication, speed, load, and environment, the values ​​in the table only indicate the approximate temperature range. Lubrication of bearing lubrication has an important influence on the fatigue life of koyo bearings and friction, wear, temperature rise, vibration, etc. Without normal lubrication, self-aligning ball bearings cannot work. Analysis of the cause of bearing damage indicates that about 40% of bearing damage is associated with poor lubrication. Therefore, good lubrication of the bearings is an effective measure to reduce bearing friction and wear.

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Imported bearing installation directly affects its performance and service life

Bearings are one of the important components on construction machinery. Poor installation will affect their use and even cause failure of construction machinery.

If foreign matter such as iron filings, burrs, dust, etc. enters the imported bearings, the imported bearings will generate noise and vibration during operation, and may even damage the raceways and the moving bodies. Therefore, before installing the bearing, it is necessary to ensure the cleaning of the mounting surface and the installation environment.

In order to make the imported bearing perform well, first of all, it is necessary to select a lubrication method suitable for the premise and purpose of use. In addition, increased vibration and friction can greatly increase energy consumption and risk of premature failure. The method of bearing lubrication is divided into grease lubrication and oil lubrication. The thickener is also related to the lubrication function, and the water resistance of the thickener determines the water resistance of the grease. Lubrication has a very important influence on the operation and life of the bearing. Fully sealed imported bearings do not need to be cleaned and refueled.

The surface of the imported bearing is coated with anti-rust oil. It must be carefully cleaned with clean gasoline or kerosene, and then cleaned with high-quality or high-speed high-temperature grease to be installed. The function of the grease is mainly determined by the base oil. In principle, the different greases of the brand cannot be mixed, and even the grease of the same thickener may have a bad influence on each other due to the different additives. Grease is made from base oils, thickeners and additives. Generally, low viscosity base oils are used for low temperature and high speed; high viscosity is used for high temperature and high load.

After the imported bearings have been installed, if the alignment is not carefully performed, alignment may result in additional loads, friction and vibration of the bearings. These may accelerate fatigue and reduce bearing life and may damage the life of other machine parts. The most important component of the bearing piston pump for hydraulic pump is the bearing. Reducing the negative pressure in the imported bearing is the basic requirement to prevent water from entering. The load calculation of the angular contact bearing. The oil supply maintenance of the locomotive bearing is very important.

In operation, imported bearings require accurate relubrication to perfect its performance. These regular inspections will detect latent problems early and will prevent unexpected machine suspensions, enabling production plans, improved plant productivity and efficiency. If only lubrication is considered, the lubricity of oil lubrication prevails. However, grease lubrication has the advantage of simplifying the structure near the imported bearings.

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Several methods for rust prevention of imported bearings

1) Surface cleaning: Cleaning must be based on the nature of the surface of the rust-preventing material and the conditions at the time. Commonly used are solvent cleaning, chemical cleaning and mechanical cleaning.

2) Dry and clean the surface, dry it with filtered dry compressed air, or dry it with a dryer at 120~170 °C, or dry it with clean gauze.

Method for applying rust preventive oil

1) Immersion method: Some small items are immersed in anti-rust grease, so that the surface is adhered with a layer of anti-rust grease. The oil film thickness can be achieved by controlling the temperature or viscosity of the rust preventive grease.

2) Brushing method is used for outdoor construction equipment or special shape products that are not suitable for soaking or spraying. When painting, it is necessary to pay attention not to accumulate, but also to prevent leakage coating.

3) Spray method Some large-scale rust-proof materials cannot be oiled by immersion method. Generally, the filtered compressed air with a pressure of about 0.7Mpa is sprayed in an air-cleaning place. The spray method is suitable for solvent-diluted anti-rust oil or thin-layer anti-rust oil, but it must adopt perfect fire and labor protection measures.

What are the main factors affecting metal corrosion?

Metal corrosion is caused by a variety of internal and external factors, which are summarized as follows:

1 the chemical composition and structure of the metal material itself;

2 metal surface finish (oxygen concentration difference battery corrosion);

3 the composition of the solution in contact with the metal surface and the pH value;

4 ambient temperature and humidity;

5 Various environmental media in contact with the metal surface.

Why does hand sweat cause metal corrosion?

Human sweat is a colorless, transparent or light yellow liquid with a salty, slightly acidic pH with a pH of 5-6. In addition to sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium salts, it also contains a small amount of organic acids such as urea, lactic acid and citric acid. When the sweat comes into contact with the metal, a sweat film is formed on the metal surface, and the sweat film causes an electrochemical action on the metal to corrode the metal. People sweating is inevitable. To prevent rust from sweating, production personnel should wear gloves, finger cots, or take special parts with tools. Do not touch the product with your hands.

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How to repair KOYO bearings

1, KOYO imported bearings cleaning

When disassembling the imported bearing for inspection, first record the appearance of the bearing, confirm the residual amount of lubricant, and after sampling the lubricant for inspection, wash the bearing. As a cleaning agent, gasoline and kerosene are commonly used. The cleaning of the removed bearing is divided into coarse cleaning and fine fine washing. In the container, the metal mesh bottom is placed first, so that the bearing does not directly contact the container. In the case of fine cleaning, if the bearing is rotated with dirt, it will damage the rolling surface of the bearing and should be noted. In the rough cleaning oil, use a brush to remove the grease and the adhesive. After it is almost clean, it is transferred to the fine wash.

Fine washing is to carefully clean the bearing while rotating it in the cleaning oil. In addition, the cleaning oil should always be kept clean.

2, KOYO imported bearings for maintenance and judgment

In order to determine whether the removed bearing can be reused, check the bearing after it has been cleaned. Carefully check the raceway surface, the rolling surface, the state of the mating surface, the wear of the cage, the increase in bearing clearance, and the presence or absence of damage to the dimensional accuracy. For non-separable miniature ball bearings, use one hand to support the inner ring horizontally and rotate the outer ring to check if it is smooth.

Separate bearings such as tapered roller bearings can be inspected separately for the rolling surfaces of the rolling elements and the outer ring.

Large bearings cannot be rotated by hand. Pay attention to the appearance of rolling elements, raceways, cages, and ribs. The higher the importance of bearings, the more careful inspection is required.

The judgment of whether or not to reuse is determined in consideration of the degree of bearing damage, mechanical properties, importance, operating conditions, and the period until the next inspection. However, if you have the following defects, you can no longer use them. New bearings must be replaced.

There is a crack, or a gap, in any of the inner ring, the outer ring, the rolling element, and the cage.

There is a break in any of the ferrule and the rolling element.

There is significant slack in the raceway, ribs and rolling elements.

There are rust and damage on the raceway surface and the rolling elements.

There are severe indentations and marks on the raceway surface and rolling elements.

There is significant creep in the inner diameter surface of the inner ring or the outer diameter surface of the outer ring.

The discoloration caused by heat is obvious.

Bearings sealed with grease, seals, or dust caps are clearly damaged.

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Guarantee the operation accuracy and service life requirements of SKF imported bearings at high temperatures

Requirements for SKF Bearing Steels Working at High Temperatures Modern technologies such as nuclear power systems, jet engines, and gas turbines often operate at temperatures ranging from a few hundred degrees to thousands of degrees. Obviously, ordinary SKF imported bearing steels cannot be used. High temperature bearing steel or other high temperature resistant materials must be used. It is generally considered that the temperature condition exceeding 120 °C is regarded as the high temperature working condition. At this time, the normal bearing steel will undergo structural changes and the yield strength will decrease, and the accuracy will be gradually lost. When the working temperature of the SKF imported bearing exceeds the tempering temperature of the SKF imported bearing material, The hardness is significantly reduced, and the hardness drops sharply when the working temperature exceeds 180 ° C, and early fatigue and wear occur quickly. The central link to ensure the accuracy and service life of SKF bearings at high temperatures is to ensure that SKF bearings have sufficient hardness and dimensional and shape stability at high temperatures. Therefore, the following requirements are imposed on high temperature bearing steels:

1) The hardness at high temperature is not lower than HRC50～56; the metallographic structure is stable;

2) Good dimensional stability at high temperature, small temperature expansion coefficient, no significant structural change, good creep resistance and low residual stress;

3) Good oxidation resistance, the formed oxide film is firmly bonded to the substrate, and has good wear resistance and fatigue strength, good thermal shock resistance, can withstand rapid temperature changes, and has good thermal conductivity;

4) Other material properties that should be available as SKF imported bearing steel.

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Testing the deterioration of FAG bearing grease

Grease is very critical in the use of FAG bearings. If a deteriorated grease is used, it will not only function as it should, but it will also damage the FAG bearing.

1 Oil flow observation method

Take two measuring cups, one of which is filled with the lubricating oil to be inspected, the other is placed on the table, and the measuring cup filled with lubricating oil is lifted off the table 30-40 cm and tilted to allow the lubricating oil to slowly flow to the empty cup. In the middle, observe the flow, the quality of the lubricating oil flow should be slender, even, continuous, if the oil flow suddenly and slowly, and sometimes there is a large flow, then the lubricant has deteriorated.

2 manual method

The lubricant is rubbed repeatedly between the thumb and the index finger. The better lubricant feels lubricated, less wear debris, and no friction. If you feel a large friction between the fingers, it means lubricating oil. There are many impurities inside, can not be reused, should be replaced with new lubricants.

3 lighting method

On a clear day, use a screwdriver to pry the lubricant at a 45-degree angle to the horizontal. Observe the sunlight and observe the oil droplets. Under the light, it can be clearly seen that there is no wear debris in the lubricating oil, which can continue to work. If the grinding debris is too much, the lubricating oil should be replaced.

4 oil drop trace method

Take a clean white test paper, drop a few drops of oil on the test paper. After the lubricating oil leaks, if there is black powder on the surface, touch the hand with a feeling of resistance, it means that there are many impurities in the lubricating oil, good lubricating oil. No powder, it is dry and smooth by hand, and it has yellow marks.

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Causes and treatment of overheating of motor IKO bearings

1. IKO bearing is damaged. Should be replaced.

2. Rolling IKO bearing grease is too little, too much or there are impurities such as iron filings. The capacity of IKO bearing grease should not exceed 70% of the total volume. Those with impurities should be replaced.

3. The shaft and IKO bearing are too tight or too loose. When it is too tight, it should be reground. If it is too loose, it should be set to the shaft.

4. IKO bearing and end cap are too tight or too loose. The IKO bearing chamber is machined when it is too tight, and the steel sleeve is placed inside the end cover when it is too loose.

5. Poor assembly of the motor end caps or IKO bearing caps. Install or flatten the end cap or IKO bearing cap stop and tighten the screws.

6. The belt is too tight or the coupling is poorly assembled. Adjust the belt tension and correct the coupling.

7. Sliding IKO bearing lubricant is too little, there are impurities or oil ring stuck. Refuel, replace, repair or replace the oil ring.

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SKF bearing identification method

1. Can I provide the original quality assurance certificate?

2. The color of the package is light green, and the anti-counterfeit label has a fixed format. Just provide the number on the label to SKF.

3. The wooden box packaging must be original, can not be disassembled, the box is fumigation by customs, the box is tidy and neat, and the eight corners of the iron will not be handed.

4. The rust prevention inside the bearing bag is colorless and odorless, and there are impurities and irritating taste.

5. Paper-wrapped bearings are burned with a lighter when unpacking, and are easier to tear. Because the imported glue is very different from the domestic glue.

6. Open the package to see the mark on the inner and outer rings of the bearing. The English letters have a specific meaning. Some of the domestic ones are enriched with sulfuric acid.

7. Inspection of steel, SKF materials are produced by SKF professional steel mills, special

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How to properly maintain SKF bearings

1. Cleaning When removing the bearing, first take a look at the appearance with photography. Also, verify the amount of lubricant remaining and sample the lubricant before cleaning the bearings.

a. The cleaning of the bearing is carried out by rough washing and fine washing, and a metal mesh frame can be placed on the bottom of the used container.

b. When rough washing, remove the grease or adhesive with a brush or the like in the oil. At this time, if the bearing is rotated in the oil, be careful that the rolling surface will be damaged by foreign matter or the like.

c. When washing finely, slowly rotate the bearing in the oil and carry out it carefully. The cleaning agent generally used is a neutral non-aqueous diesel oil or kerosene, and a warm alkali liquid or the like is sometimes used as needed. Regardless of which cleaning agent is used, it is often filtered and kept clean. Immediately after cleaning, apply anti-rust oil or anti-rust grease to the bearing.

2, inspection and judgment

In order to judge whether the removed bearing can be reused, it is important to check its dimensional accuracy, rotation accuracy, internal clearance, mating surface, raceway surface, cage and seal. Regarding the inspection result, it can be judged by a person who is using a conventional bearing or a proficient bearing.

The criteria for judgment vary depending on mechanical properties and importance, inspection period, and the like. Bearings must not be reused if they are damaged and must be replaced.

1) Breakage and defects of bearing components.

2) Peeling of the rolling surface of the raceway surface.

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Talking about the Fault Analysis and Maintenance of the Dynamic Pressure Bearing of Surface Grinder

MM7132 surface grinder, the outer circumference of the front and rear bearings of the grinding head is tapered, and there are only three equally spaced flanges in the bearing cone, and there are 12 axial grooves uniformly on the bearing. When the bearing moves axially, The radial clearance between the bearing and the shaft changes; when the bearing is tightened, only the internal clearance of the three flanges becomes smaller, and the remaining part is elastically deformed to form three oil wedges, which are integral three-oil wedge dynamic pressure sliding bearings. The bearing has a small clearance and good rigidity, and its lubrication method is self-priming lubrication. During the use, the grinding head has a shaft, vibration and heat.

First, analyze the cause of the fault

After analyzing the causes of the failure in the equipment, it was found that the surface of the journal part of the grinding wheel shaft in the surface grinder has longitudinal cracks, and the front and rear bearing appearances have no obvious defects, and the wear amount is not large. The grinding head is dismantled and tested. It was found that the grinding wheel shaft was curved, and only shallow longitudinal cracks were present in the journal portion. The outer cone flanges of the front and rear bearings are in good contact with the bearing housing bores, and there is no obvious damage to the inner bore of the bearing. Therefore, the main reason why the grinding head can not work is that the geometrical accuracy of the front and rear bearings changes, and the shape and size of the three oil wedges are inconsistent. Therefore, the plan to repair the repair is to repair the front and rear bearings and the hard chrome (0.02mm) repaired grinding wheel shaft.

Second, the combination of scraping and grinding to repair the bearing

The bearing is repaired by the combination of scraping and grinding. The front and rear bearings are first shaved, and the contact area is increased by grinding to reduce the surface roughness value. The scraping method is used for scraping and must not be scraped into fish scales.

1. Install the front and rear bearings to the working position, and grind a cylindrical mandrel with a length of 400mm (55mm in diameter) according to the bearing hole. The degree of grinding is subject to the rotation. Apply a thin layer of red dan oil on the mandrel, insert the mandrel into the bearing, adjust the tightness of the front and rear bearings, turn the mandrel, and pull out the mandrel to make a light scratch point. This work must be repeated to achieve uniform density in the three rectangular strip contacts on the front and rear bearing inner surfaces. Then grind a cast iron grinding rod with a diameter of 0.02mm and a length of 400mm which is smaller than the mandrel, and apply W5 chrome oxide paste to grind the front and rear bearings at the same time, tighten the front and rear bearings at any time and pay attention to remove the excess of the bearing end. Abrasives. After grinding, the contact surface of the bearing is a complete three rectangular contact strips, and finally the bearing housing is removed and carefully cleaned so that it does not have any impurities.

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Baosteel Group's new choice for bearing repair bearing supply

Baosteel Group has ensured normal production through bearing repairs, which has reduced production costs and contributed to environmental protection.

“Can the broken bearing be repaired?” Before 2006, it was something Wu Jianhua, the chief of the cold rolling mill workshop of Baosteel Branch, never thought about. However, in the exchanges between Baosteel and the world-renowned bearing supplier Timken, this “never” has begun to make new changes.

The cold rolling mill workshop of Baosteel Branch, where Wu Jianhua is located, provides the roll assembly for Baosteel's cold rolling production line. Now the roll assembly on the cold rolling mill of Baosteel Branch is provided here. This workshop is directly related to the normal production of each cold rolling line. Since the rotating rolls are to be matched with the bearings, the quality of the bearings directly determines the stability of the rolls and rolling, which determines the quality of the cold rolled steel products. Therefore, Baosteel never dared to be sloppy in the choice of bearings. Always use the most quality guaranteed bearings. However, the new problem is now in front of him, that is, "there is money and can not buy bearings."

Baosteel's roll bearings are made of four-row tapered roller bearings with a hole diameter of more than 350 mm, which belongs to the category of large-aperture bearings. Since the service life of the bearing is affected by the working conditions, the working condition of the rolling mill can be called “extremely bad” when rolling, so Baosteel's rolling bearing has a certain amount of replacement after inspection and maintenance every year. According to Wu Jianhua, “From the overall market in the world, there are so many new cold rolling projects, so the demand for bearings is growing exponentially. In addition, the prices of metal raw materials have risen in the past two years, and there is some disconnection in the bearing supply of the entire market. The actual situation is that you have money but can't buy bearings! Especially in 2006 and 2007, the large-aperture bearing supply and demand market has the biggest contrast, and it is out of stock. The company is quite nervous in purchasing large-aperture bearings. Timken started Baosteel in 2006. Providing bearing repair services is still very timely."

Indeed, if the equipment is not working properly due to the shortage of bearings, the cold rolling mill and the subsequent production line are likely to stop. This responsibility and difficulty will definitely put a lot of pressure on the production line. The problem can be solved smoothly, of course, it makes people feel a bit angry. However, the benefits of bearing repair services for Baosteel are by no means just a matter of urgency. Recently, steel companies have been increasingly affected by the rapid rise in the price of iron ore raw materials, and the cost pressure is high. Therefore, how to save costs has become an important issue that all steel companies must consider. Baosteel is no exception. “Baosteel has been vigorously promoting cost reduction, which is also in line with national resource conservation requirements.”

According to Wu Jianhua, the chief operating officer, “Baosting and Steel's means of reducing costs can be described as diverse, energy consumption is the key point, and equipment consumables can also be considered for cost control.” Bearing repair can indeed save Baosteel.

For the cold-rolling mill shop, the biggest cost item is the roll, and the other is the bearing. After the bearing that was found to be faulty, it will be disposed of as scrapped, and then replaced with a new one. "Our new bearing products are invested nearly ten million a year. Now we do find that technically, some bearings can be repaired after repair. After repairing, we can save at least half of the new product costs, and the repaired bearings can also be like The new one continues to be put into use, which is a big step in cost savings."

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